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61.
Szczepanik M Obara R Szumny A Gabryś B Halarewicz-Pacan A Nawrot J Wawrzeńczyk C 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(15):5905-5910
Starting from precocenes I and II, four of their derivatives with a lactone moiety were obtained. The compounds have been assessed as antifeedants against several diverse insect species including the storage pests the confused flour beetle (Tribolium confusum Duv., larvae and adults), the granary weevil beetle (Sitophilus granarius L., adults), and the khapra beetle (Trogoderma granarium Ev., larvae) and against the herbivorous pest insects Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say, adults and larvae) and aphids (Myzus persicae Sulz.). Precocenes, especially precocene II, showed a very strong antifeedant effect against all storage pests and aphids. The introduction of a lactone moiety caused a decrease in antifeedant activity against these species. Both precocenes were moderately active against L. decemlineata adults. The best antifeedants to this species were precocene derivatives, especially iodolactones. The introduction of iodine into a molecule had a great effect on the antifeedant activity of those compounds. 相似文献
62.
Assessment of the impact of climate change on the latency period of leaf rust on triticale in Poland
Andrzej Wójtowicz Marek Wójtowicz Roland Sigvald Bartosz Czernecki Henryk Ratajkiewicz Agnieszka Łacka 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2020,70(3):195-207
ABSTRACTDisease development in plants is strongly dependent on weather conditions, with temperature playing a particularly significant role by influencing latency period duration. Using two models describing the relationship between latency period and temperature, we performed simulations aimed at predicting changes in the latency period of leaf rust (Puccina recondita f. sp. tritici) on triticale in response to expected climate change. The simulations were based on meteorological data recorded in the period 1986–2005 at locations representing 16 provinces in Poland and based on values obtained after transformation of the observed data to reflect temperature changes under four scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP6.0 and RCP8.5) according to the giss_e2_r climate model. In all scenarios, the results for the two triticale cultivars studied, Witon (vulnerable to P. recondita) and Gniewko (less susceptible), showed a threat of faster development (shorter leaf rust latency period) on triticale triggered by climate change in south-east and south-central Poland than in other regions. The results also showed an increased probability of future regional diversification of leaf rust latency period duration on vulnerable triticale cultivars, opportunities for earlier start of leaf rust epidemics on triticale in Poland and an increase in ?nal disease severity in comparison with 1986–2005. 相似文献
63.
In 1999, we published a report on how an introduction of 20 males into a severely inbred and isolated population of adders (Vipera berus) halted its decline towards extinction, induced a profound change in population genetic variability, resulted in a dramatic increase in offspring viability and thus in a rapid increase in numbers. Since the publication of our paper we have received numerous inquiries as to whether we have continued to monitor this population, as this is the case we herein present population demographic data gathered between 1981 and 2003. The population has continued to increase in numbers and in 2003, we collected 39 adult male adders, more than at any time over the 23-year study. Our continued work, hence, lends strong support to the importance of novel genes in enhancing the viability of inbred populations and supports the importance of preserving genetic variability in order to maintain viable wild populations. 相似文献
64.
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66.
Ewa Łukaszewicz Anna Jerysz Bronisława Chełmońska 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2020,55(8):943-950
Avian semen dilution with appropriate extender allows to prolong the fertilizing ability of sperm stored in vitro. In the present study, the impact of extenders and time of storage on morphology of Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) drake semen were examined. Semen was collected twice a week, using male stimulation by a female method, from 12 adults (29 weeks old) drakes kept individually in cages, under controlled environmental conditions. Freshly collected, pooled ejaculates were divided into three part: neat undiluted sample, and diluted 1:1 with Schramm (SCH) or Watanabe (W) extender and stored at 4°C. Morphological examination of all samples was conducted after dilution and then, after 3 and 6 hr of storage. The storage of undiluted semen caused decrease (p ≤ .01) in live morphologically normal sperm, from 79.73% in the freshly collected ejaculates to 55.75% and to 12.12% after 3 and 6 hr of storage, respectively (average calculated for the entire reproductive season). In the semen diluted with Schramm's extender the adequate values attained 86.84, 79.65 and 61.66%, and using Watanabe extender 84.77, 83.58 and 75.25%, respectively. The period of semen storage and the type of extender caused significant (p ≤ 0,05; p ≤ 0,01) changes in sperm morphology. The longer period of storage contributed to the decrease in number of morphologically normal sperm, whereas their content in Watanabe extender after 3 and 6 hr of storage was higher (p ≤ .01) than in semen diluted in Schramm extender. 相似文献
67.
Males of Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) are mainly used for mule duck production via artificial insemination of females originated from wild mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos); therefore, the quantity and quality of drake semen play a crucial role. The assessment results of male reaction to sexual stimulation by dummy female and basic semen characteristic (ejaculate volume, sperm concentration and morphology) of 12 individually kept Muscovy drakes carried out during the entire reproductive season are described. The male and period of the reproductive season effect on scored semen traits are documented. In total, 792 individual semen collections and evaluations were performed. The average of positive reaction in the entire reproductive season varied from 90.6% in December and April to 50.0% in July, while for individual males, it varied between 97.1% and 29.0%. Throughout the season, the ejaculate volumes ranged from 0.05 to 2.45 ml, sperm concentration from 0.15 × 109 ml−1 to 4.44 × 109 ml−1, total number of live spermatozoa from 68.0% to 100% and live normal (properly formed, with any deformations) from 51.0% to 99.0%. Our study indicates the necessity of male breeders pre-selection before the onset of the reproductive season, and the need to leave an appropriate number of males to ensure adequate amount of semen for female insemination, especially when using Muscovy drakes (Cairina moschata) for interspecies crossing with Anas platyrhynchos ducks. 相似文献
68.
Dariusz Piwczyski Beata Sitkowska Magdalena Kolenda Marcin Brzozowski Joanna Aerts Pamela M. Schork 《Animal Science Journal》2020,91(1)
The purpose of this paper was to utilize the decision trees technique to determine the factors responsible for high monthly milk yield in Polish Holstein‐Friesian cows from 27 herds equipped with milking robots. The applied statistical method—the decision tree technique—showed that the most important factors responsible for monthly milk yield of dairy cows using robots were, in descending order of importance: milking frequency, lactation number, month of milking, and type of lying stall. At the same time, it has been ascertained that the highest monthly milk yield (47.24 kg) can be expected from multiparous cows kept in barns with a deep bedding that were milked more frequently than three times per day. On the other hand, the lowest milk production (13.56 kg) was observed among dairy cows milked less frequently than two times a day, with an average number of milked quarters lower than 3.97. The application of the decision trees technique allows a breeder to select appropriate levels of environmental factors and parameters that will help to ensure maximized milk production. 相似文献
69.
Song Yi-Gang Walas Łukasz Pietras Marcin Sâm Hoàng Văn Yousefzadeh Hamed Ok Tolga Farzaliyev Vahid Worobiec Grzegorz Worobiec Elżbieta Stachowicz-Rybka Renata Boratyński Adam Boratyńska Krystyna Kozlowski Gregor Jasińska Anna K. 《European Journal of Forest Research》2021,140(6):1323-1339
European Journal of Forest Research - Pterocarya fraxinifolia, native to the southern Caucasus and adjacent areas, has been widely introduced in Europe. In this study, we investigate the following:... 相似文献
70.
A seroprevalence study of bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) was undertaken on 1,541 serum samples from Holstein cattle from 23 herds, located in different geographical regions of Poland. The analysis was performed using ELISA, with recombinant Gag protein of BIV as antigen. The average BIV prevalence was 4.9% in individual cattle, while the percentage of herds harboring at least one seropositive animal, was 82.6%. To demonstrate the correlation of BIV and bovine leukemia virus infection, all sera were analysed for BLV antibodies and there was only a slight association between both infections. Overall, these results show that BIV infection is present in dairy cattle in Poland at a prevalence rate found in other European countries. 相似文献